Load Shedding in Mirpur Area Essay Example

Load Shedding in Mirpur Area Essay Research Paper Prepared On Load- shedding in Mirpur Area Course Title: Business Research Methodology Course Code: BUS-405 Assigned By: S. M. Nasim Azad Assistant Professor Department of Mathematics and Statistics School of Business Bangladesh University of Business Technology Assigned To: Group Members: |Serial |Name |Identity Number |Intake | |1. |A. F. M. Sourove Haque |06072101053 |12th | |2. Md. Rakibul Hasan |06072101098 |12th | |3. |Kamrun Nahar |06072101008 |12th | |4. |Ashrafunnahar Nisha |06072101107 |12th | |5. |Md Al Amin |06073101051 |13th | Date of Submission: August 29, 2010 Assistant Professor Department of Mathematics and Statistics School of Business Bangladesh University of Business Technology Subject: Submission of the research paper on â€Å"Load- shedding in Mirpur Area†. .† Dear Sir, We are pleased to inform you that we have completed our assigned research paper on â€Å"Load-Shedding in Mirpur Area† which is a partial fulfillment of our course Business Research Methodology; course code BUS-405. We have tried our level best to convey effort for preparing this paper. This paper may contain some unintentional mistakes, as this is the first research we have conducted. We will be grateful to you if you mention any clarification and/or suggestion about any view and conception disseminated through this paper. Preparing this paper has been a huge learning experience for us and we look forward to answer any queries you may have. We strongly hope and believe that you will be kind enough to accord your kind approval to this paper. Sincerely yours |Serial |ID. No. |Name | |1. |A. F. M. Sourove Haque |06072101053 | |2. |Md. Rakibul Hasan |06072101098 | |3. |Kamrun Nahar |06072101008 | |4. Ashrafunnahar Nisha |06072101107 | |5. |Md Al Amin |06073101051 | Acknowledgement At the very beginning, we acknowledge the infinite blessing and profound kindness of â€Å"Almighty Allah†- the supreme authority of the universe. While the writing of this report had been difficult, the preparation for writing was even harder. It certainly would not been possible without the help of many people and we would like to acknowledge our appreciation to all those who had helped during the process. We will write a custom essay sample on Load Shedding in Mirpur Area specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Load Shedding in Mirpur Area specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Load Shedding in Mirpur Area specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We are grateful to our course coordinator Mr. S. M. Nasim Azad, Assistant Professor, School of business, BUBT who assigned us to prepare this research paper, which is a practical practice of the theoretical terms we are learning in our course. His guidance helped us to collect and organize important and necessary details from the sources and the overall preparation phases of this research paper. We are thankful to the survey respondents who spent some of their valuable time to provide us the information we collected through questionnaire. We also express our gratitude to our Friends and well-wishers who helped us in making this paper a grand success. Sincerely, 1. A. F. M. Sourove Haque 2. Md. Rakibul Hasan 3. Kamrun Nahar 4. Ashrafunnahar Nisha 5. Md Al Amin Table of Contents List of Figures and Tables List of Abbreviations Executive Summary In Dhaka city today most of the time specially at night people have to spend there time in dark for the reason of load shedding. Mirpur the one of the most populated area of Dhaka is also suffer from load shedding. This is a major problem for investment, business, daily livelihood, study of student, household chores and every sort of development. Load shedding effects people in every aspects like general people in home , business operation , study, medical specially during load shading crime rate increases dramatically and this problem is increasing day by day. Most of the load shedding of a day is occurs in the night and in year the summer is the most in number and both time for the load shedding. It’s a national curse now for Bangladesh and its people. As a developing nation Bangladesh cannot denie its increasing demand of electricity but its supply is not increasing with the demand as well so this gape is causing this load shedding. The consumers in and outside the capital city are experiencing frequent power cuts, no matter it is day or night. In some cases, such load shedding total 3-4 hours in different spells. Mirpur is specially hit by this problem as it has the majority of population that lives in the capital. It becomes the one of the most busiest place of the city. The most rapid growth in development and business cause much bigger gape of demand and supply of electricity. The trend is not so good and it is worsening day by day. Here we have prepared the research report showing the impact of load shedding and the causes of it with recommendation. Part –1. Introduction 1. Bacgroundn of the Report One of the BBA courses in Bangladesh University of Business and Technology (BUBT) is â€Å"Business Research Methodology†. As a part of the course, we were assigned to accomplish a research on any chosen topic and the topic we researched on the topic â€Å"Load-Shedding in Mirpur Area†. The basic idea behind our research is to measure the impact of load shedding and the causes of it. Its reaction on people and what people think about it 2. Significance of the Report This report will help to understand the impact of load shedding in the general people and what they think about this and how to solve the problem. 3. Scope of the Report This research is focused only Mirpur area of Dhaka city. Different class of people participated in this research. 4. Objective of the Report As stated earlier we are conducting research on the â€Å"Load-Shedding in Mirpur Area†. Bangladesh is a developing country so in order to increase the productivity in various sectors simultaneously; people of the country must be engaged enthusiastically. For this, the power sectors must be strong and attractive, so that people can convey their best effort willingly. Our main purpose of conducting the research is to measure the impact of load shedding and the causes of it. Its reaction on people and what people think about it 5. Limitation of the Report We have tried our best to make this research as best as possible; still there are some limitation of this research The report is only focused on a few people of Mirpur area only. ? This research is limited in Mirpur so it will so the over all situation of Mirpur area. ? As student of BBA program lack of experience and proper time is high. ? Lack of sufficient information . ? Unavailability of confidential data of respondent. Part –2. PROBLEM DISCOVERY DEFINATION Mirpur is specially hit by load shedding as it has t he majority of population that lives in the capital. It becomes the one of the busiest place of the city. The most rapid growth in development and business cause much bigger gape of demand and supply of electricity. The trend is not so good and it is worsening day by day. Here we have prepared the research report showing the impact of load shedding and the causes of it with recommendation. Part –3. Methodology 3. 1 Type of the Research This is an example of Expletory research. This research will help us to prepared the research report showing the impact of load shedding and the causes of it with recommendation. 3. 2 Sources of Data In order to attain the objective of the study this report all necessary information are collected from primary data source as we have applied survey method using questioner. . 2 Report Evaluation and Preparation Instrument Data has analyzed and report prepared by using- ? MS Exal ? MS Word ? Mechanical device o Calculator o Computer Part –4. Selection Of Research Model 4. 1 Research Design The topic of the research is collection of primary data. This collection is done with survey method with written questioner. This survey is performed in ehe Mirpur are a with all matured age of people. The nature of the question is mainly simple –dictums question, determinant chouse question, attitude rating scale and open ended question. 4. 2 Objective of using Questioner The whole research is based on primary data so this research needed mainly questioner-based data. Beside this reason some other reason are also involved such as: ? Time Effective ? Convenience ? Cost Effective ? Physical Availability ? Less Possibility of Getting Wrong Answer Part –5. SAMPLE DESIGN 5. 1 Sample Selection In our research we mainly focused in the Mirpur are of people. Our survey is conducted mainly based on Non-Probability Sampling Technique. We use Convenient Sampling for this research. Respondents are selected no-randomly because of convenient and lack of time. 5. 2 Determining sample Size Using statistical tools for sample sizing requires many variables so that the sample size can be prepared properly but lack of time and scope and limitation of resources made us select a convenient sample size of 100. 5. 3 Summery of overall sample design The overview of the sample design that we have consider for our specific topic â€Å" Load-Shedding in Mirpur Area† , is summarized below: Target Population Here our target population is general or overall population of Mirpur area. Sample We have selected sample size an 100 respondent. Sample procedure Non-Probability Sampling Technique and Convenient Sampling Sample unite General or overall population of Mirpur area. Sample element Every young people of Mirpur area. Part –6. Method of Obtaining Data After all the questioner been felled up we coded every question of every questioner along with the variables and trans formed the qualitative data into quantities data. Then all of the data from each of questioner been added in a single file to create a database. Through this process the database or data sheet become the source of all analysis. From this sheet we have calculated the data and then prepared the analysis table and charts. Part –7. Developing the Data Analysis In the form of bellow we analysis our data of survey: Editing: It means correcting the data by caking the data gathered from the respondents so that no error is occurred in the process or the acceptability is optimum for the outcome of the research. Coding: Each question and there answers are coded into a computer readable format so that we can process the data in the computer. Data entry: Data entry is the most sensitive part of the research as it can be mistaken by this step the whole research can be at stake. Data analysis: By using MS Excel we entered all data in computer and prepare a graph in the Excel sheet. Data conversion: All the data then converted management understandable form in a elaborate report. Part –8. Ethical Consideration Ethical issue is very vital when it is a survey type research. When the respondent were been surveyed we were very much concern about the ethical maters. We ensured them that no information will be disclosed in future and there information is in safe hand. We never force them for any type of sensitive information discloser. We do every thing to make them comfortable. We think that it is our duty to keep there information confidential as they trusted us. Part –9. Literature Review   Theoretical aspects 9. 1 Business Research: Business research is defined as the systematic objective process of generating information for aid in business decision. This research information should be †¢ Scientific, not intuitive or haphazardly gathered †¢ Objective †¢ Impersonal 9. 2 Types of Business Research: †¢ Basic (Pure) Research †¢ Applied Research Basic Research: Attempts to expand the limits of knowledge Applied Research: Conducted when a decision must be made on a specific real life problem. 9. 3 Stages in Research Process A research process contains six (6) sequential steps, mentioned as follows: 9. 4 Types of Scale: Nominal Scale: The numbers or letters assigned to object serve as labels for identification or classification. Ordinal Scale: This scale arranges objects or alternatives according to their magnitude. Interval Scale: Interval scale not only indicate order, they measure order in units of equal intervals Ratio Scale: Ratio scale have absolute rather than relative scale. 9. 5 Definition of terms Concept: A concept is a generalized idea about a class of object, attributes, occurrences, or processes that has been given a name. Proposition: Proposition are statements concerned with the relationships among concepts. Theory: A theory is a coherent set of general propositions, used as principles of explanation of the apparent relationships of certain observed phenomena. Primary Data: Primary data is gathered specifically for the project at hand. Secondary Data: Secondary data or Historical data is data previously colleted assembled for some project other than the one at hand. Population: The total set of observation of a numerical characteristics under study is called population. Sample: A part of small observation selection from the population. Sampling: The process of sample selection. Sampling Unit: Units are the objects to be surveyed. Usually people, households, business, customer. Sampling Element: An element is the object about which or from which the information is desired. Sampling Frame: A method of contacting selection sampled sample units, including the information needed to select them. 9. 6 Classification of Sampling Techniques: [pic] Probability Sampling: Samples are selected based on a random process. [pic] Non-Probability Sampling: Sampling is selected using some nonrandom process. [pic] Part 10 Analysis Results 10. About Load shedding in Mirpur [pic] For the purpose of our research we surveyed on 100 people about load shedding and among them 31% said the main case of load Shedding is Government leaking, 4% said Less Productivity, 6% said More Demand, 39% said All These Reasons. So majority of people thinks this problem is complex and has multiple factors. [pic] Each and everyone in this area faces Load She dding problem. [pic] The season when load shedding mostly occurred is summer with 84% and winter this is 14% the rest thinks both season. Mainly over demand in summer causes this extra pull. [pic] Most of the people said that loads shedding occurs more then 3 times in a day almost 90% of people so this is a real problem. [pic] We can see from the fig 1. 5 that winter is much stable then summer. As the time of load shedding scale increased summer is much higher apex in both side. [pic] For the answer of the question â€Å"What time Load Shedding Occurs mostly† 62% people said that it occurs in both day and night time. 2. Facing the Problem People are facing this problem with a grate proportion and this is not solving so easely. [pic] 74% people of this area does not use IPS during the Load shedding. [pic] Among all of people only 4% said it is complex to operate so they do not use IPS and the rest of 96% cannot afford this. [pic] 66% people agreed that Load Shedding causes Un social activity and 21% strong agree this means most of the people thinks this period is sot safe. 3. Negligence Consciousness of general people. [pic] 75% people thinks payment of electric bill is important for solving load shedding problem. 4. Role of Government [pic] Completely Satisfied 63%, Very Satisfied 21%, Satisfied 8% so the over 90% people has accepted this statement so this is very important to take immediate action for the government. . Role of General people [pic]` General people has very important roll in the load shedding according to the people of Mirpur, over 83% people said that general people should be careful about Electricity consumption. Part – 11 Major Findings Analyzing the data many findings have came up about our research topic â€Å"Load Shedding In Mirpur Area† . ? The t otal population of Mirpur is suffering from Load Shedding problem the percentage is 100%. ? The Main reason foe Load Shedding is Government lacking then, Less Productivity, and More Demand. Many say all this is responsible more or less. The main Season of load shedding is summer but these days winter season is also hit by from Load Shedding problem. ? Almost everyone said that Load Shedding occurs more then 5 times a day. ? In summer the duration of Load Shedding is much high in every aspects. ? Both day and night Load Shedding occurs. ? Only a handful of people are able to purchase IPS and this is a much high price so everyone cannot afford this. ? Almost everyone agreed that it increase Anti social activities during this time. ? Payment of Electric Bill is Important according to 75 % people and other things almost similar. Over 92% people said Government should take Immediate action about Load Shedding. ? Over 80% people thinks that general people can play a vital roll in load she ding. Part – 12 Recommendation According to official sources, the countrys highest power generation was about 3,700 MW on Monday evening against a demand for 4,700 MW plus during the peak hours. In Bangladesh, an ominous sign that more sufferings are in store for the electricity consumers in the coming days as demand is never going to be low. ? Supply must immediately increased so that demand supply gape can be adjusted. For long-term Nuclear Power Plant will be a good solution. ? For short term luxurious use of electricity must be stopped. ? More power saving equipments and bulbs must be home made so that it will be more affordable to all. ? Energy consumption campaigning will be effective for both short-term and long term. ? There should be a range for standard use of individual so that when anyone uses surplus they can be punished financially. ? System loss must be stopped. ? Unauthorized draining of electricity must be stopped if necessary local government will help. ? More hone st and qualified people should recruited in this sectored. Technological improvement must be maid in this ever-growing sector. ? Private investment should be increased. Part 13 Conclusion In electricity supply depends on many ifs and buts as huge program undertaken by the government are under implementation. If the programs are successful, then 300-400 MW might be added to the national power grid within the year. But this will not be enough for the Country. Instant Power Supply (IPS) made some solution for beginning but now a days a lot of people are using IPS so power consumption is double in the peak when this IPS are recharging. But since load shedding is very frequent, the IPS cannot recharge itself fully after each load-shedding period. Increase power generation by diverting gas from several fertilizer factories is not a solution in long run but this is happening. The situation might also improve if the consumers give up some of their luxuries. Were getting half of what we nee d. Were forced to manage the supplies, mainly for irrigation as this is a n important sector. Weve to continue this way until we can find an alternative. Demand for power in the capital increases by 150MW during the hot days. Only 25MW of it is caused due to fans, but the remaining is due to air conditioners. So decision was made to change the timings. When there is no power, household owners cannot pull up water when it is available. WASA officials said there are generators only for 213 pumps out of 546. The rest are run by ordinary electricity. In Bangladesh, an ominous sign that more sufferings are in store for the electricity consumers in the coming days as demand is never going to be low. So we have to careful about the consumption of power. Part 14 Bibliography 14. 1 Book G. Zikmund, William. Business Research Methods. Eight Edition, SouthWestern Publication. 14. 2 Web site WWW. social reserchmethod. net/kb/inters www. statmsdter/courses/modul/index www. notosmoke. com Part –15 Questionnaire Bangladesh University of Business and Technology (BUBT) Dhaka Commerce College Road, Mirpur-2, Dhaka-1216 Sampling Techniques Non-probability sampling Techniques Probability Sampling Techniques Probability Sampling Simple Random Sampling Systematic Sampling Stratified Sampling Cluster Sampling Other Sampling Technique Non-Probability Sampling Convenience Sampling Judgmental Sampling Quota Sampling Snowball Sampling

Key Quotes from A Wrinkle in Time

Key Quotes from 'A Wrinkle in Time' A Wrinkle in Time is a favorite fantasy classic, by Madeleine LEngle. The novel was first published in 1962 after LEngles manuscript was rejected by more than two dozen publishers. She theorized that the book was too different for publishers to grasp, especially since it was a science fiction story with a female protagonist, almost unheard of at the time. It also includes a good deal of quantum physics, and it wasnt entirely clear at the time whether the book was written for children or adults. The story focuses on Meg Murry and her brother Charles Wallace, their friend Calvin, and the whereabouts of the Murrys father, a brilliant scientist. The three are transported through space by three supernatural creatures, Mrs. Who, Mrs. Whatsit and Mrs. Which, via a tesseract, explained to Meg as a wrinkle in time. Theyre drawn into a battle against the evil creatures IT and the Black Thing. The book is the first in a series about the Murry and OKeefe families. Other books in the series include A Wind in the Door, Many Waters, and A Swiftly Tilting Planet. Here are some key quotes from A Wrinkle in Time, with some context included. Quotes But you see, Meg, just because we dont understand doesnt mean that the explanation doesnt exist. Megs mother responding mysteriously to Megs question about whether there is an explanation for everything. A straight line is not the shortest distance between two points... Mrs. Whatsit explaining the basic concept of the tesseract. This resonates for Meg, who is brilliant at solving math problems, but clashes with teachers when she doesnt arrive at the answers in the way they want her to. She believes early in the novel that finding a result is the important thing, not how you get there. Suddenly there was a great burst of light through the Darkness. The light spread out and where it touched the Darkness the Darkness disappeared. The light spread until the patch of Dark Thing had vanished, and there was only a gentle shining, and through the shining came the stars, clear and pure. This describes the battle between goodness/light and darkness/evil, in an instance where light triumphs. As the skipping rope hit the pavement, so did the ball. As the rope curved over the head of the jumping child, the child with the ball caught the ball. Down came the ropes. Down came the balls. Over and over again. Up. Down. All in rhythm. All identical. Like the houses. Like the paths. Like the flowers. This is a description of the evil planet of Camazotz, and how all of its citizens are controlled by the Black Thing to think and behave the same way. Its a glimpse of what life on Earth may come to be unless the Black Thing can be defeated. Youre given the form, but you have to write the sonnet yourself. What you say is completely up to you. Mrs. Whatsit tries to explain the concept of free will to Meg, by comparing human life to a sonnet: The form is pre-determined, but your life is what you make of it. Love. That was what she had that IT did not have. This is Megs realization that she has the power to save Charles Wallace from IT and the Black Thing, because of her love for her brother.

Animal cell project

The Nucleus is found in both the animal cell and the plant cell. The Nucleus function is to direct all functions within the cell. 5. Nucleolus The Nucleolus is found in the nucleus in both plants and animal cells. The nucleolus function is to assemble ribosomes which move out of the nucleus and take positions on the rough ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum) where they are critical in protein synthesis. 6. Chromatin The Chromatin is located in both plant cells and animal cells. The function of the hromatin is to package DNA into a smaller volume to fit in the cell, to strengthen the DNA to allow mitosis and prevent DNA damage. 7. Centrioles Centrioles are found only in the animal cell. The function of Centrioles is to produce the cells cytoskeleton which is made up of microtubules and microfilaments. Chloroplast The chloroplast is located only in the plant cell. Chloroplast Job is responsible for making glucose in the process known as photosynthesis. The Chloroplast is green due to chlorophyll a pigment that captures sunlight. The chloroplasts live in the mesophyll cells. 8. Ribosomes Ribosomes are found in both plant and animal cells. The function is to synthesize and make proteins. Ribosomes can be found free floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum). 9. Vacuoles Vacuoles are found in both plant cells and animal cells. The vacuoles function is to store food, water, or wastes. The vacuole that is only found in plant cells is the central vacuole. The vacuoles store water, food, and waste. Vacuoles purpose is to serve rimarily as storage units but versatile to perform more than one function. Cell Wall Cell walls are located only in the plant cell. The function of the cell wall is to support and give structure. The cell wall is made up of cellulose. 10. Cell Membrane Cell membranes are located in both plant and animal cells. The Job of the cell membrane is to control what foes into and out of the cell. 11 . Cytoplasm Cytoplasm is found in both plants and animal cells. The Job of the cytoplasm is to keep the organelles safe and in place. 12. Nuclear Envelope The Nuclear Envelope is located in both the plant cell and the animal cell. The nuclear envelopes function is to send a stream of RNA and other info-carrying molecules to the rest of the cell through nuclear pores. These organelles I have listed are in animals and in plant cells or both. The lists of organelles are very unique and if you have never heard of these organelles and cells. I hope you will learn something from my project. In conclusion, my project is to show the similarities and differences between each organelle in a plant cell or animal cell.

Fresh Tec Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fresh Tec - Case Study Example First, there was the naturally occurring aging and decaying process of fruits and vegetables, known as senescence. Senescence involved transpiration and respiration, processes that went on in the fresh produce even after being detached from the mother-plant. Secondly, the kind of packaging used for delivery and storage did nothing to extend the life of harvested produce or effectively alleviate senescence. Instead, the packaging necessitated quicker, and costlier, options of delivery from the farms to the consumers, and all the agents that fall in-between. Thirdly, the produce was prone to physical injury, temperature injury and disease. The physical injury was mostly caused by shipping produce in splintered or damaged crates and boxes, or the way the shipping was handled. Such injuries presented bacteria with entry points, resulting in diseases. Most modern packinghouses invested in the use of washing and spraying fungicides before shipping to reduce chances of disease, but had no g reat impact on how long the produce could stay after harvesting. Temperature injury was caused by extreme temperatures both during storage and shipping, soon rendering produce unsuitable for the market. Given all these external factors, FreshTec was not well positioned to be much more successful in the industry than other players, because they would all use the same processes and players involved. FreshTec saw a single solution to all the factors degrading the quality of produce in all its processes and stages before finally reaching the consumer; packaging. The right type of packaging could increase the life of produce. The retailers and warehouse operators would be able to keep more stocks for longer without having to throw them away as waste when they went bad (USDA, 2010). The farmers, marketers, brokers and distributors would choose cheaper delivery and shipping methods that, although take longer, keep produce fresh, retain moisture contents and keep produce tasting sweet. This aspect would also enable consumers to have off-season produce that has been stored from the last harvest, because the packaging and storage enables them to last longer. SmartPac, developed by FreshTec, offered customized modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) for any variety of produce. This enabled them to climb an edge above all previous technique. The packaging exchanged heat from the box, allowing sealed contents to be cooled while using a naturally oxidizing sanitation system to sterilize and clean produce during transit. In this way, FreshTec could ensure produce reached the consumer while still fresh, undamaged and naturally sweet. This also eliminates the need of having to harvest farm products before they are optimally ripe. Fresh produce had to be harvested just before ripening in order to allow for senescence during transportation to distant destinations, tempering with natural taste. Question Two FreshTec may use several options to approach the issue of industry adoption o f their new packaging. The first would be to justify the cost of the new packaging, which averaged at an extra $1 to $1.5 in comparison to standard packaging. All this was in view that the new packaging was being launched into a tradition-bound and conservative industry. However, if the produce could still be delivered cheaply for longer periods and reach new markets that were previously inaccessible while still fresh, the pricing burden can easily be shared between the retailers and consumers. With the United States

PowerPoint slides, and videos of Topic 3, selected ONE issue of Essay

PowerPoint slides, and videos of Topic 3, selected ONE issue of significance and relevance to our time - Essay Example Fighting on behalf of God in the event that one is wronged makes the religion to be viewed as intolerable to the human race that are bound to do wrong. In the video interviews with Hamza Yusuf, it is evident that the Islamic religion has gone through a number of changes as it tries to fully entrench itself in the Western countries such as the United States. After the happenings of 11th September 2001, the view of Islamic religion has been changed to that of a religion marked and characterized by war and terror which has also been witnessed recently in other parts of the world. However,-Hamza Yusuf (1/6, 10mn)-Hamza argues that acts of terrorism should not be limited to those who profess the Islamic religion only hence the Muslims need not to be subjected to such accusations. It is a known case that people who profess other religions such as Christianity, have also lead to the death of many people such as the 1994 Rwanda genocide in which both communities involved were

Benjamin Franklin Essay -- Benjamin Franklin American History Essays

Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin was born in Boston on January 17, 1706. He would be the tenth out of seventeen children that his father, Josiah Franklin, would have. His father had plans for Benjamin to join the clergy when he came of age and was sent to grammar school to prepare. He would excel in reading at a very young age but would find that he could not master math so easy. He would be at the grammar school for less than a year before his father would come to terms with not being able to support a college education for Benjamin and supporting the rest of the large family. Benjamin would then be sent to another school which would teach him basic math and English skills. There, he would surpass the rest of class in English while eventually failing arithmetic yet again causing his father to pull him from school all together. At the age of 10 Benjamin would be taken home to learn the family business. While learning to make soap and candles from his father, Benjamin became restless; he yearned to go to sea much like his brother Josiah. He would go out the lake and play like the other children but Benjamin did not swim as well as the others, so he devised a tool that was made from sticks and cloth to cover his hands and feet to help him tread. Swimming fins would be one of his first inventions. From a young age Benjamin proved to be very different from his father and the rest of his family. His father sensing his child’s unhappiness would help him look for a new trade. Unbeknownst to Benjamin, watching the common man work would influence him down the path of inventor he would inevitably take, â€Å"He therefore sometimes took me to me to walk with him, and see joiners, bricklayers, braziers, etc. at their work, that he might observe my inclination, and endeavor to fix it on some trade or other on land, and to construct little machines for my experiments, while the intention of making the experiments was fresh and warm in my mind.†(p 12, Benjamin Franklin) His father would see his son was found of reading so an apprenticeship would be set up for twelve year old Benjamin with his twenty-one year old brother. During his five year apprenticeship Franklin would live under strict guidelines which included taverns being off limits as well as gambling and marriage. Franklin would continue to long for the sea but found that while on land he would indeed pr... ...ranklin. Published by the University Press of Kentucky. Copyright 2000 Doren, Carl Van, Benjamin Franklin. Published by Penguin Group. Copyright 1938 Internet Sources Consulted Benjamin Franklin.† PBS. 2002. Web. 15 Apr. 2015. http://www.pbs.org/benfranklin/l2_wit.html "Benjamin Franklin." Bio. A&E Television Networks, 2014. Web. 11 Apr. 2015. http://www.biography.com/people/benjamin-franklin-9301234 The Hollowverse. 2012. Web. 12 Apr. 2015. http://hollowverse.com/benjamin-franklin/ Fea, John. â€Å"Religion And Early Politics: Benjamin Franklin and His Religious Beliefs.† Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. 2011. Web. 15 Apr. 2015. http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/history/20018/benjamin_franklin_and_his_religious_beliefs/1014592 â€Å"Benjamin Franklin His Autobiography 1706-1757.† American History: From Revolution to Reconstruction and Beyond. 2012. Web. 18 Apr. 2015. http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/biographies/benjamin-franklin/a-short-biography.php Franklin, Benjamin. â€Å"Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin, Written by Himself.† Project Gutenberg. 6 Jun. 2011. Web. 10 Apr. 2015. http://www.gutenberg.org/files/36338/36338-h/36338-h.htm

Explore the ways E.A. Poe uses his narrators to create a sense of terror and suspense Essay

Throughout all the stories I have read during the course of studying Edgar Allen Poe, the narrating has been fairly similar and a great sense of tension, fear and believability have been created inn all of them. The stories are all written in the first person, so it is more like a story is being told to you by some one, which makes them all more believable. In ‘The Black Cat’ and ‘The Tell Tale Heart’, it is something that drives the narrator mad that forces him to commit the murders, and in ‘The Premature Burial’ his fear, being buried alive, is driving him mad. In fact he is being driven over the edge of insanity in all the stories we have studied except two – ‘The Fall of the house of Usher’ and ‘The Pit and the Pendulum’, both in which he is nearly killed. In all of them we learn a lot about the narrator, for example, in ‘The Premature Burial’, we learn about his background, and a lot about catalepsy and his fear of being buried alive. The narrators are very descriptive of the other characters in the stories and this really adds atmosphere, and makes the reader feel as if they are part of the tale. For example, in ‘The Tell Tale Heart’, Poe describes the old man- â€Å"One of his eyes resembled that of a vulture- a pale blue eye, with a film over it.† He often uses similes and metaphors, which also helps and makes symbols using characters or objects he mentions, for example, in ‘The Pit and the Pendulum’, he describes the candles on a table, as angels, next to the jury that was about to sentence him to death by torture, as images of the devil. In all of the stories we studied, I can’t remember the narrators describing any of the other characters as ‘good’; they were all evil or bad. I don’t know whether this portrays that Edgar Allen Poe stereotyped people as bad or evil, but all of the narrators he wrote about did. The emotions that were felt by the narrators were very varied, at times they were scared, at other times, they were afraid, but whatever emotions they were feeling, they were very well portrayed and very detailed vocabulary was used. For example- ‘I was sick- sick unto death with that long agony; and when that at length unbound me, and I was permitted to sit, I felt that my senses were leaving me’. The emotions that the narrators felt affected the stories and the more descriptive they were, the more you could picture them and the more the story came to life in your imagination. This could be why Poe was such a successful writer. The narrators always describe their surroundings and the position they are in very well and this also makes it a lot easier to picture the story in your head. For example, in ‘The Fall of the House of Usher’ the opening page is only the narrator describing, in detail, the house and it’s surroundings: – â€Å"During the whole of a dull, dark and soundless day in the autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens.† This amount of description continues for over a page and sets the scene very effectively. You feel like you are there, almost as if you are telling the story from personal experience. All of the stories we have studied have had very good description in them and all scenes were set very believably. For another example, in ‘The Pit and The Pendulum’, the introduction is in Latin, which gives you the impression that the story was set or written a long time ago. After that, there is a long, descriptive page, setting the scene of the story- â€Å"It conveyed to my soul the idea of revolution – perhaps from its association in fancy with the burr of a mill-wheel† The narrators’ reactions to either the murders they had committed or events that were about to happen to them were different every time, unlike the narrator’s feelings about other characters, which were often similar. In ‘The Pit and the Pendulum’ the narrator did not seem particularly concerned when he saw the sight of his own certain death swinging above him – â€Å"While I gazed upwards at it (for it as position was directly above my own) I fancied that I saw it in motion†. But as the pendulum dropped, his language became much more descriptive and intense – â€Å"Down – still unceasingly – still inevitably down!† It gripped you more and makes you want to read on. Maybe this is why he had so many occasions in his stories when he was irate or mad, so the reader became gripped and more interested. The endings of Poe’s stories are often the most memorable part as it is often in the last part of the story where the main murder or event occurs. For example, in ‘The Black Cat’, ‘The Tell Tale Heart’ and ‘The House of Usher’, the main event/murder is at the end of the story, with little said after it. In ‘The Black Cat’ for example, after the murdered cats and wife are found, there are only about twenty lines left of the story, which is not much, considering the huge amount of description Poe uses- † I walled up the monster within the tomb† In a sense it is really only the narrators in his stories that create all the tension, terror and suspense. If it was written in anything other than first person, the same effect would not be given and I don’t think his stories would be as good, or as effective.